January 13, 2017
Earthquake Research Committee,
Headquarters for Earthquake Research Promotion

Evaluation of Seismic Activities for December 2016

1 Major Seismic Activities

* On December 28, there was a Magnitude (M) 6.3 earthquake in the northern Ibaraki prefecture. The maximum seismic intensity 6 Lower was observed in Ibaraki prefecture. This event caused some damage with injured persons.

2 Nationwide Seismic Activities by Region

(1) Hokkaido Region

There was no remarkable activity.

(2) Tohoku Region

* In the activity area of a M7.4 earthquake, which occurred on November 22 in the continental crust offshore Fukushima prefecture, there were a M5.5 earthquake on December 20 and a M5.4 one on December 31: there were 4 earthquakes of M5.0 or over from December 1 until January 5. The seismic activity still continues, decaying as a whole.

* On December 24, there was a M5.1 earthquake at a depth of approximately 30 km (due to CMT solution), offshore Fukushima prefecture. The focal mechanism showed a normal fault type with a tension axis in an E-W direction.

(3) Kanto-Chubu Region

* On December 6, there was a M5.5 earthquake at a depth of approximately 5 km in the Hida region, Gifu prefecture. The focal mechanism had a compression axis in an NW-SE direction. This event occurred within the crust.

* Refer to the separate paper about the earthquake in the northern Ibaraki prefecture on December 28 and its aftershock activity.

* In the GNSS data for the Tokai region, there has been no change of activity which is likely to be associated with the Tokai earthquake.

(4) Kinki-Chugoku-Shikoku Region

There was no remarkable activity.

(5) Kyushu-Okinawa Region

* In the ocean area near Tokara Islands (In the ocean area near Takarajima and Kodakarajima), the seismic activity became high after December 5, and there were 2 earthquakes with the maximum seismic intensity 4 and 55 ones with seismic intensity 1 or over until December 31. The maximum one is a M3.9 earthquake on December 21.

(6) Other Regions

* On December 14, there was a M6.3 earthquake in the ocean area near Mariana Islands. Also there was a M6.5 one in the neighborhood of this event on December 22.

Supplement

* On January 5, 2017, there was a M5.3 earthquake at a depth of approximately 55 km, offshore Fukushima prefecture. The focal mechanism showed a reverse fault type with a compression axis in an NW-SE direction.


Note: GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) is a general name of satellite positioning system such as GPS.



Supplementary Information to the Evaluation of Seismic Activities for December 2016

January 13, 2017
Earthquake Research Committee

1 Major Seismic Activities

The following are the numbers of earthquakes by magnitude that occurred in Japan and the surrounding area during December 2016.

(reference)

The following events for the period from December 2015 to late November 2016 have been listed as "Major Seismic Activities" in monthly "Evaluation of Seismic Activities."

  – Sanpachi-Kamikita Region, Aomori Prefecture  M4.6 on January 11, 2016
(Depth of approximately 10 km)
  – Offshore Urakawa  M6.7 on January 14, 2016
(Depth of approximately 50 km)
  – Kumamoto Earthquakes  M6.5 on April 14, 2016 and M7.3 on April 16, 2016
(Depth of approximately 10 km)
  – Southern Ibaraki Prefecture  M5.5 on May 16, 2016
(Depth of approximately 40 km)
  – Uchiura Bay  M5.3 on June 16, 2016
(Depth of approximately 10 km)
  – Northern Ibaraki Prefecture  M5.4 on July 27, 2016
(Depth of approximately 55 km)
  – Kumamoto Region, Kumamoto Prefecture  M5.2 on August 31, 2016
(Depth of approximately 15 km)
  – Ocean Area near Okinawa Main Island  M5.6 on September 26
(Depth of approximately 45 km)
  – Central Tottori Prefecture  M6.6 on October 21, 2016
(Depth of approximately 10 km)
  – Offshore Fukushima Prefecture  M7.4 on November 22, 2016
(Depth of approximately 10 km)

2 Nationwide Seismic Activities by Region

(1) Hokkaido Region

There is no supplementary information for Hokkaido region.

(2) Tohoku Region

There is no supplementary information for Tohoku region.

(3) Kanto-Chubu Region

–"In the GNSS data for the Tokai region, there has been no change of activity which is likely to be associated with the Tokai earthquake.":
(This evaluation is in agreement with the views presented at the regular meeting on December 26 of the Assessment Committee for Areas under Intensified Measures against Earthquake Disaster (reference below).)

(Reference)

Recent seismic and crustal activity in the Tokai region and its vicinity (Seismological and Volcanological Department, Japan Meteorological Agency, December 26, 2016)
"No change of activity which is likely to be associated with the Tokai earthquake has been observed until now. (Excerpted)"

(4) Kinki-Chugoku-Shikoku Region

– In the central Tottori prefecture where a M6.6 earthquake occurred on October 21, there were 2 earthquakes with maximum seismic intensity 3 (1 in November) and 18 earthquakes with seismic intensity 1 or over (33 in November) in December. The seismic activity still continues, decaying as a whole.

– Non-stationary crustal deformation surrounding the Bungo Channel observed from around December 2015 is now almost finished. This deformation is thought to be due to a slow slip (slow-slip) at the boundary between the Philippine Sea and the continental plates.

(5) Kyushu-Okinawa Region

– In December, no earthquake with maximum seismic intensity 4 (1 in November) and 3 earthquakes with maximum seismic intensity 3 (1 in November) occurred in the Kumamoto and Aso regions, Kumamoto prefecture. A series of seismic activity of the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquakes in the Kumamoto and Aso regions is still continuing, decaying as a whole. According to the GNSS observation, postseismic deformation is still observed in the area centered on the series of the seismic activity.


Reference 1
Earthquakes that are described in the "Evaluation of Seismic Activity" (Monthly Report of Seismic Activity in Japan) have the following features.

  1. Events of M6.0 and greater, or events that have maximum seismic intensity 4 or greater
  2. Onshore events of M4.5 and greater that have maximum seismic intensity 3 or greater
  3. Events under the ocean areas of M5.0 or greater that have maximum seismic intensity 3 or greater

Reference 2
Information that is described in the "Supplementary Information to the Evaluation" includes:

  1. Reference information related to seismic activity described in the "Evaluation of Seismic Activity"
  2. Recent earthquake activity over the past year related to the events described in "Major Seismic Activity" in the "Evaluation of Seismic Activity"
  3. Seismic activity that has been evaluated, but not included in the "Evaluation of Seismic Activity" because it is within normal bounds and not prominent